About TunnelLedger: research and affiliate disclosure
TunnelLedger publishes VPN comparisons, buying guides and Linux walkthroughs in English, Dutch and Spanish.
Who publishes these guides?
TunnelLedger is the publishing organization named in article bylines. Sources are linked so you can check requirements and purchase terms yourself. Each article keeps its original publication date separately from its latest substantive revision. We do not present documentation research as hands-on testing.
Research you can follow
Our initial guides use official provider documentation and link directly to their sources. We explain the practical implications separately from the published facts. We have not conducted hands-on performance, security, or streaming tests.
No invented winners
We do not publish fabricated ratings, customer counts, or test results. A recommendation depends on a stated need, such as the number of simultaneous devices. Published specifications cannot tell us how a VPN will perform on your particular network.
Prices in context
Promotions change. We link to official offers and ask readers to verify the total, currency, subscription length, and renewal conditions at checkout. Arithmetic examples in our guides are labeled as illustrations.
How this site is funded
TunnelLedger has been accepted into the NordVPN affiliate program. Our NordVPN offer links are affiliate links. If you purchase through one of them, we may receive a commission at no additional cost to you. We disclose this near those links. Our Surfshark links are not affiliate links.
Our editorial comparisons remain based on your needs and verifiable information. A commission will not turn a provider into a universal “best” choice.
Site analytics
We use Vercel Web Analytics to understand page visits and, when event tracking is enabled, clicks on the provider-offer buttons on our deals page. We do not send guide-search text as a custom event. Analytics is provided by Vercel. Read our privacy policy.
Keeping information useful
Each guide shows its review date. Dates change when the content is reviewed, not simply because a page is rebuilt. Always confirm time-sensitive terms with the provider before purchasing.